Evaluating the Return on Investment in Higher Education: An Assessment of Individual- and State-Level Returns
Kristin Blagg; Erica Blom

A Framework for K-12 Science Education: Practices, Crosscutting Concepts, and Core Ideas
National Research Council

Estimating the Return on Investment (ROI) for Instructional Improvement Efforts
Daniel Rossman; Rayane Alamuddin; Martin Kurzweil
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Competency-based education: A study of four new models and their implications for bending the higher education cost curve
Donna M. Desrochers; Richard L. Staisloff
In this report the authors assess CBE programs at four institutions by considering business models, costs, etc. and what is required from institutions to 'get to breakeven'. The four institutions anticipate breaking even with their programs by the fifth year, and they project that by the sixth year these programs will be operating at half the cost of the traditional academic programs. The article describes how an evaluation of the competency- based education business model must include considerations regarding price, efficiency (academic delivery structure, staff ratios, and compensation), and scale (student recruitment, enrollment, and retention).

Institutional commitment to teaching excellence: Assessing the impacts and outcomes of faculty development
Catherine Haras; Steven C. Taylor; Mary Deane Sorcinelli; Linda von Hoene

How UT-Austin's Bold Plan for Reinvention Went Belly Up
Lindsay Ellis
This article provides a cautionary tale about large institutional efforts to redesign undergraduate education and the challenges of measuring what works. In 2016, UT Austin pledged to revamp undergraduate education, adding state-of-the-art online classes, redesigned curricula, and short courses, among others, to produce less expensive degrees, teach practical skills and expand access via technology. Dubbed "Project 2021" it also committed to measure what worked and adjust accordingly. By 2019, the project was deemed too ambitious and lacked support to continue. Several lessons about the impact of changes in undergraduate teaching are useful. For example, implementing regular quizzes in large classes narrowed grade disparities between students from different socioeconomic groups. Massive online classes modeled after late-nighttalk shows were hailed as a national model for using technology to deliver remote instruction and billed as next-generation undergraduate programs. Yet, while students rated the online courses highly, evaluations of student learning showed no advantage to the course delivering mode, and the cost for the heavily produced studio quality courses was high. Key conclusions from the project evaluation is that it was very complicated and lacked direction, got caught in bureaucratic processes, and was expensive.

Instructional quality, student outcomes, and institutional finances
Jessie Brown; Martin Kurzweil
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Valuing Assessment: Cost-Benefit Considerations
Randy L. Swing; Christopher S. Coogan

ACHIEVING SYSTEMIC CHANGE: A SOURCEBOOK FOR ADVANCING AND FUNDING UNDERGRADUATE STEM EDUCATION
Catherine L. Fry, Association of American Colleges and Universities (AAC&U)
This sourcebook is intended as a useful resource for allthose who have a stake in creating STEM solutions forUS society. It addresses the rationale for investing insystemic change throughout higher education, identifiescritical areas for investment, and provides pointers to keyreports and current STEM education reform efforts.

Investing in Success: Cost-Effective Strategies to Increase Student Success
Jane Wellman; and Rima Brusi
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